Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (Kerridge et al. 2002), multiple myeloma (Lincz et al. 2004), and prostate cancer (Antognelli et al. 2004; Marchesani et al. 2003) have been associated with other PON1 polymorphisms, including Q192R, but to our knowledge this is the first cancer study to consider the C-108T polymorphism of PON1, and the first study to examine the potential role of this enzyme in relation to childhood cancer. This evidence concerns the gene PON1 and plasma cell myeloma.