Very few tumour markers (including Ki-67, uCyt+ and p53) have been recognised as having a prognostic impact in bladder urine specimens: a Ki-67 index over 20% may predict those pTa–1 G1–2 tumours that are likely to recur within 1 year of treatment (Gontero et al, 2000). Here, MKI67 is linked to neoplasm.