Also, in addition to eIF4E-mediated cap-dependent initiation, there are internal ribosome entry sites present in several mRNAs important in RCC such as MYC, VEGF and Cyclin D1 (Stoneley and Willis, 2004; Shi et al, 2005), which may allow translation initiation in a cap-independent manner. This evidence concerns the gene EIF4E and renal cell carcinoma.