TIMP4 and neoplasm: On the other hand, TIMP-4 can either promote (Jiang et al, 2001; Tunuguntla et al, 2003) or inhibit tumour progression, depending on the nature of the tumour and mode of delivery (Wang et al, 1997; Celiker et al, 2001; Groft et al, 2001; Zhao et al, 2004).