EGF and urinary bladder cancer: The mean concentration of urine EGF (Figure 3), however, was significantly higher in 38 IC patients with Hunner's ulcers (21.90 ± 1.19 ng/ml) than in 26 IC patients without Hunner's ulcers (16.32 ± 1.44 ng/ml) (p <0.004), and was markedly higher for both IC groups as compared to normal controls (6.49 ± 0.57 ng/ml) or patients with bacterial cystitis or bladder cancer (6.32 ± 1.26 ng/ml, and 8.03 ± 1.95 ng/ml, p < 0.0001 for comparison of each IC group to each control group).