Mechanistically, these agonistic antibodies work by activation of TRAIL receptor-mediated apoptotic pathways in a manner similar to TRAIL, as a TRAIL-R1 antibody induced PARP cleavage in B-cell lymphoma 9D cells (Chuntharapai et al, 2001), and TRAIL-R2 antibodies induced activation of caspases and JNK/p38 kinase in tumour cells (Ichikawa et al, 2001; Ohtsuka et al, 2003). This evidence concerns the gene TNFRSF10A and neoplasm.