MB and acute kidney injury: There are numerous causes, and these include the use of drugs, muscle trauma, exposure to toxins, infections, hyperthermia, seizures and electrolyte abnormalities leading to cell lysis through ischemia and acidosis.1-4 Acute renal failure (ARF) due to rhabdomyolysis has been widely described in different clinical settings, and its main pathophysiological mechanisms are renal vasoconstriction, intraluminal cast formation and direct myoglobin toxicity.