For elderly patients with breast cancer, adjuvant chemotherapy should be considered both when the tumor does not express hormonal receptors, because tamoxifen would be ineffective, and in many cases in which the tumor is receptor-positive, because several indirect, but reliable, evidences suggest that positive effects of chemotherapy and tamoxifen are not mutually exclusive but can sum up, at a given extent. This evidence concerns the gene NR4A1 and neoplasm.