LGALS4 and hepatocellular carcinoma: To validate the cDNA microarray results, with the exception of CAGE, as well as HSPCA and galectin 4, which have been already reported to be overexpressed in HCC (Huang et al, 2004b; Huflejt and Leffler, 2004), the mRNA expression levels of seven antigens out of the remaining 11 antigens were further measured by real-time quantitative RT–PCR.