Patients with alcoholic hepatitis and rats with alcohol-induced liver injury show elevated levels of TNF-α.Chronic alcohol consumption increases the levels of TNF-α receptors on the hepatocytes.Chronic alcohol consumption induces the production of TGF-β1.Other inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-8, are increased in alcoholic hepatitis. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and alcoholic hepatitis.