In addition, recently Miyakawa et al [100] identified CYP2E1 and CYP3A4 as target autoantigens of anti-LKM autoantibodies in two patients with anti-LKM-positive chronic hepatitis C. Taking together, these findings may further indicate the heterogeneous autoimmune reactions that might take place in anti-LKM positive patients with chronic hepatitis C. This evidence concerns the gene CYP2E1 and chronic hepatitis C virus infection.