Thioredoxin transfection has been shown to increase HIF1α transactivation activity and the protein products of hypoxia-responsive genes such as VEGF and nitric-oxide synthase in MCF7 breast and HT29 colon cancer cell lines under both aerobic and hypoxic conditions (Welsh et al, 2002). The gene discussed is TXN; the disease is malignant colon neoplasm.