As for RAR expression, we observed decreased mRNA levels of RAR-β and -γ, but increased RAR-α expression in S3c-transfected NRP-152 cells; the results shown in Figure 5 are consistent with the expression levels of these receptor mRNAs previously observed by us in prostate cancer lines [34] and in prostate cancer patient specimens [35]. Here, RARA is linked to prostate cancer.