In subsequent experiments with bladder cell lines derived from superficial (RT4 cells) and invasive (T24 cells) tumour stages that had been transfected with the different genes to express the diverse expression levels of H-Ras and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), this membrane protein has also been associated with tumorigenesis and is frequently clinically detected in bladder tumours (Dangles et al, 1997). The gene discussed is HRAS; the disease is neoplasm.