Once the criteria outlined in the methods section and the p-value for interaction with treatment had been taken into account, there were no significant differences in the response to TGFβ among the three groups except for two genes, KIAA0261 (probe N: 40086_at), an unknown gene more upregulated in IPF (median fold change 2.2) than in scleroderma-associated pulmonary fibrosis (1.5) and in controls (1.3), and BTG1 (probe N: 37294_at), which was only slightly more downregulated in scleroderma-associated pulmonary fibrosis (fold change:0.4) than in IPF (0.6) and in controls (0.7). The gene discussed is WAPL; the disease is pulmonary fibrosis.