Cross talk between erb-1 and ER has been shown to activate the pathway, which has been associated with oestrogen-independent transcriptional activity (Aronica and Katzellenbogen, 1991; Pietras et al, 1995; Smith, 1998; Campbell et al, 2001), and breast cancer cell lines with activated Akt is resistant to the growth inhibitory effects of Tamoxifen (Degrafenried et al, 2002). The gene discussed is AKT1; the disease is breast cancer.