VEGFA and neoplasm: Vascular endothelial growth factor levels did not differ between patients over 60 years (n=12; median 726 pg ml−1) and patients up to 60 years of age (n=25; median 146 pg ml−1; P=0.48), patients with systemic tumour cell deposits at the time of diagnosis of LM (n=25; median 377 pg ml−1) and patients without (n=10; median 174 pg ml−1; P=0.21), or patients with tumour manifestations in the brain or dura (n=25; median 377 pg ml−1) and patients without (n=11; median 241 pg ml−1; P=0.35).