Since the efficiency of these screenings methods is still not clear (Laframboise et al, 2002), prophylactic surgery of the ovaries for patients with proven BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations or a strong family history of breast and/or ovarian cancer is an important option (Eisen et al, 2000; Rebbeck et al, 2002). The gene discussed is BRCA1; the disease is ovarian cancer.