While searching for new potential immunotherapeutic targets of PCa, a number of prostate- or PCa-associated transcripts and proteins have been identified during the last years such as six-transmembrane epithelial antigen of the prostate (Hubert et al, 1999), prostase (Nelson et al, 1999), prostate androgen-regulated transcript 1 (PART-1) (Lin et al, 2000), human novel prostate-specific antigen (PSA) (Naz et al, 2002), human prostate-specific gene-1 (Herness and Naz, 2003) and NKX3.1 (He et al, 1997). Here, KLK4 is linked to posterior cortical atrophy.