Xu et al (2001) identified a new locus at 8p22–23, and mutations in MSR1 gene (MIM 153622) were reported to associate with prostate cancer (Xu et al, 2002). However, recent results do not support a major role for the MSR1 gene in the causation of prostate cancer (Seppala et al, in press). Definitive confirmations of the role of ELAC2, RNASEL, or MSR1 in prostate cancer predisposition are still warranted. The gene discussed is RNASEL; the disease is Familial prostate cancer.