Six prostate cancer susceptibility loci (HPC1 at 1q24-25 (Smith et al, 1996), PCAP at 1q42-43 (Berthon et al, 1998), HPCX at Xq27-28 (Xu et al, 1998), CAPB at 1p36 (Gibbs et al, 1999), HPC20 at 20q13 (Berry et al, 2000) and HPC2 at 17p12 (Tavtigian et al, 2001)) and two candidate susceptibility genes (HPC2/ELAC2 at 17q (Tavtigian et al, 2001) and RNASEL at 1q24-25 (Carpten et al, 2002)) have been reported. This evidence concerns the gene ELAC2 and prostate cancer.