It has been shown that the PAX7-FKHR fusion gene is frequently amplified in ARMS, suggesting that increased gene dosage may be important in controlling its altered function (Barr et al, 1996; Weber-Hall et al, 1996; Anderson et al, 1999; Barr, 1999, 2001; Fitzgerald et al, 2000). This evidence concerns the gene PAX7 and alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma.