Therefore, activation of caspase-3, which was previously shown to be involved in TRAIL- and IR-induced apoptosis in other tumour types (Griffith et al, 1998; Gong and Almasan, 2000; Yamanaka et al, 2000; Belka et al, 2001; Joseph et al, 2001, 2002; Kim et al, 2001a; Nimmanapalli et al, 2001; Rudner et al, 2001; Suliman et al, 2001; Sun et al, 2001; Joseph et al, 2002), is also found in RCCs. The gene discussed is CASP3; the disease is neoplasm.