High circulating levels of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) are associated with an increased risk of developing prostate (Chan et al, 1998; Harman et al, 2000; Stattin et al, 2000; Chokkalingam et al, 2001) and other cancers (Holly et al, 1999). The gene discussed is IGF1; the disease is urogenital neoplasm.