Since the +1127 INS-PstI marker and its tightly linked VNTR are associated with the risk of diabetes and different alleles are involved in type I vs. type II diabetes (Julier et al, 1991; Lucassen et al, 1993; Bennett and Todd, 1996; Ong et al, 1999; Le Stunff et al, 2000), the allele frequencies of +1127 INS-PstI could potentially be affected by the cause and type of diabetes in both the diabetic cases and controls. Here, SPINK1 is linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus.