APC and breast cancer: For examples, the insertions cause heamophilia B (factor IX gene) (Vidaud et al, 1993), neurofibromatosis (NF-1 gene) (Walllace et al, 1991), Apert syndrome (FGFR2 gene), acholinesterasemia (ChE gene) (Muratani et al, 1991), desmoid tumors (APC gene) and breast cancer (Katagiri and Nakamura, 1996) (see the review by Kazazian, 1998).