PMEL and neoplasm: There is experimental and clinical evidence that immunotherapy based on administration of monoclonal antibodies or on specific tumour vaccines can also have an effect when based on non-mutated ‘self-proteins’ over-expressed in tumours, such as non-mutated p53, HER-2/neu, and gp100 (Ropke et al, 1996; Nagata et al, 1997; Rosenberg et al, 1998; Buchler et al, 2001; Slamon et al, 2001).