These findings suggest that leukotrienes are released via mast cell–nerve interactions, which are amplified during RSV infections and in turn potentiate the inflammatory effects of neuropeptides such as substance P. If the same mechanisms are at work in human airways then leukotriene modifiers could be beneficial in the therapy of RSV bronchiolitis, and controller therapy for pediatric asthma with leukotriene modifiers may protect against virus-induced asthma exacerbations. The gene discussed is TAC1; the disease is asthma.