Moreover, as early as day 1 after co-infection of Adv-p53, Adv-APAF1 and Adv-Casp9 in U-373MG cells, most of the mitochondria were damaged (Figure 2D: lower right panel), while infection of Adv-dE did not induce damage to the mitochondria (Figure 2D: upper right panel). The gene discussed is APAF1; the disease is infection.